Thursday, September 15, 2011

Upper catchment floodplain aggradation and channel incision processes - abstract to a thesis chapter

So, yes, that title is officially: boring as shit. I can't help it. If I call it "how creeks fail epically" I get laughed at. But my boring title starts to really mean something when I take the abstraction away and personify the stream -- how do streams build floodplains, what causes them to stop doing that and then cut into and wash away all that effort in a hundredth of the time it took to build. Very often we can't blame the creek for stuffing up as its how we've managed the land that is the cause.

Yet that doesn't say why we care. If the stream erodes a bloody great channel through the floodplain then we change how that system works. The main thing that changes is how the water moves through that land. It now buggers off down the channel and doesn't hang around like it did before. Since accidently killing a potted cactus, I've scientifically determined that plants tend stay alive better when they have water. So if all our creeks are leaking the water that they used to hold onto it makes things more difficult if we want to grow stock fodder, revegetate the creek banks or keep the helpful critters in the water happy.

Below is the translated version of my thesis chapter summary. Below that is (the sixth re-incarnation of) the original abstract if you wish. Though I have replaced all my references with the word REFERENCE/S to spare you a list of context-irrelevant names and years.



Chapter Summary

Where we haven't accidently stuffed the land, the creeks and surrounding floodplains have lots of variations. Although they may look different, they all have a large amount of dirt (from road gravel and beach sand size to "I swear I'm not making phalluses with the modelling clay" clay size) as a floodplain that they have built up over hundreds to thousands of years. They also hold onto a lot of water in the floodplain, far more than we see in the creek at any one time. The water held there slowly soaks out into the stream keeping it flowing when its dry.

Where we have accidently stuffed the land we see the creek chomp down and out into the floodplain making a (usually) deep channel. The channel lets much of the water that was kept in the floodplain leak out and the dirt gets washed downstream along with it. Now that we have the deep channel in the floodplain the landscape can't hold onto water like it did. So overall, the water doesn't stay in the floodplain very well, when it rains the water sprints off down the channel too quickly to be much use, and when its dry the creek doesn't flow much if at all. The creek is a bit crap basically.

This chapter of my thesis takes what everyone else has said about creeks (both when they work and when they are stuffed), puts it all together and attempts to make me look good by exclaiming "now isn't that interesting" when really everyone already knows its interesting. Also, of all the creeks in all the world I'm looking at the ones in and around Canberra because no-one would give me the money to go and look at the creeks in Hawaii, or the French Riviera, or...



Full Abstract

Lower order drainages (identified here as upper catchments) and associated floodplains broach a wide range of landscapes and morphologies, ranging from swampy meadows and chain-of-ponds, to shallow channelled streams encompassing the full gamut of fluvial features. Irrespective of the floodplain and drainage morphology, the common features of these catchments are a significant alluvial sediment deposition and a perched alluvial aquifer that may or may not be hydrologically connected to the broader groundwater system (REFERENCE/S).


Channel incision into the floodplain sediments of upper catchment drainages is a common global phenomenon (e.g. REFERENCE/S). Regardless of whether it is the result of natural landscape evolution (REFERENCE/S), land management induced erosion (REFERENCE/S) or deliberate drainage channelisation (REFERENCE/S) the result is a profound impact on the hydrogeomorphic function of these landsystems. Incision typically involves significant sediment mobilisation and transport to lower reaches, and drainage of the alluvial aquifer affecting the surface water-groundwater (SW-GW) interactions, particularly groundwater residence times and storage (REFERENCE/S). As is expected, these changes have a strong alteration of the hydrogeomorphic character of upper catchments.


This paper focuses on the unique south-east Australian context of upper catchments and channel incision and provides a review of the hydrogeomorphic processes in intact and incised upper catchment floodplains and the changes that occur in that transition.

Tuesday, September 13, 2011

Footsteps - short story

I entered this in the 2011 ANU short story competition. I didn't win. But I did get a very nice email telling me that my story and 170-odd stories from other people also didn't win. I don't feel solace in that companionship. So here it is, slightly changed from the submitted version (I left in a typo damn it). It is a genre piece but I was hoping I might earn points from the judges for integrating a Gaian (as in the Greek goddess and James Lovelock global ecosystem theory) undertone to the horror genre that may have been too subtle, too over-worked, or too crap. I should also mention that it is a reimagining of a story I wrote for an assignment in Year 9 (or maybe Year 10). Let me know in the comments what you think.




Footsteps



Nathan Weber




The blizzard unleashed its fury on the isolated hut. Inside the single room the woman shivered. Snow drifts sauntered under the door breaching the threshold of the sanctuary. Shadows whispered and shouted at the walls and ceiling from the mouth of the hearth. Sputtering orange prongs flared from the damp logs and the woman sidled closer to the warmth. She willed that warmth deep into her flesh and gently fanned the flames with carefully placed breaths.

Outside the wind screamed frustration at the hut's refusal to prostrate itself onto the rocky snow covered surface. The muffled howls and barks of the dogs wended between the cladding in a constant, discordant wail against the storm.
The fire consumed more of the wood and the shadows were calmed and quietened – still. The woman fed another log to the engorging coals. She smiled and released the tight embrace of her legs as the hut began to heat. She wished that the man had not laughed at her when she had asked him whether the dogs could come inside to help keep her warm. His reply after the laughs stopped was to imitate a growl and bite. Then he rolled up his heavy fur pants and showed off the puckered, pink-brown scars that made up the remainder of his left calf. And that explained his limp.
The woman ignored the little bit of foolishness she felt from the memory, stretched back onto her hands and luxuriated in the surplus thoughts that could return now that her body had escaped the chasing cold. Toasty warm now. You could probably write a paper on how the cold is as much of a predator eliciting as much of a fight or flight response as a wolf at your heels. Though maybe escaping the cold is preferable to outrunning the not-so-distant ancestors of the animals outside. Oh well, the hut is almost oven-like now and the vicious, leg-chewing dogs can stay out there. In here is close enough to tropical paradise as the imagination can fathom.

The dogs screeched and the tempo of barks suddenly exploded. The woman looked up lazily from her ankles. She had warm toes again (far too infrequent lately) and now food would be along with her returning guide. Even the fatty, gamey meat would be welcome tonight after all the hiking that was done today. She expected to hear the man's awkward gait on the rocky path and a raspy growl over the wind, commanding the dogs to shut up (they even listen sometimes).
The dogs yelped. She sat straight up. She had never heard them do that before. She could hear their claws scratch at the rocks between the snow heaps, hear their choked whines as they struggled against their tethers. That is fear, that is attempted flight. Only a bear could frighten a pack of sled dogs like that. The cosy hut morphed from a tropical paradise to a lonely island.
The woman stood quickly and scrutinised the hut. The door was latched (only Velociraptors know how to use door handles, right?). But where is the bloody gun. She lunged across the four steps to the backpacks in the corner and pushed them over, out of the way. Point two-two-three, bolt action, Czech made, four-times zoom scope, zeroed at two hundred metres... Shit. Yes, I have been out here that long. She hefted her rifle to the crook of her shoulder, worked the bolt open and chambered a bullet. The safety switch clicked off. Just try to get me now you fucking bear! Maybe Spielberg can make a film about bears instead of dinosaurs. Ones that learn to open doors too! Then I can shoot the fuckers dead and the credits can roll! Damn it, I'm out here in the fucking wilds protecting one endangered species and about to kill a different endangered species. Even if it does want to eat me, the irony is painful – try getting your head around an allegory for that Spielberg! Shit. Take a breath. Stop being hysterical. It is probably just the guide coming back and the dogs are having a hissy fit for no reason.

The woman shook slightly and rocked gently back and forth against the weight of the rifle aimed at the door. The storm retreated and the dogs were silenced. She heard with minute clarity the scrunch of a footstep on the rock path; heard the lighter scuff of stones as a foot was raised. She waited desperately for the shuffle and plod that would signify her guide as he limped on his unsteady, partial left leg. Limp damn you. Was that it? Or did the bear just tread in snow. One, two... damn it! Three! Three steady footsteps – no limp! I'm being terrorised by a bear! The footsteps drew nearer.
One of the dogs cried out pathetically and a sickening wet snap followed immediately. The animals made no sound. Seven more grotesque breaks rang with malicious clarity inside the hut. The storm was silent. The woman stood paralysed in the hut at the lip of a cliff face on the lonely island. A sheer drop into terror.
Dear God, I know what the cervical vertebrae sound like when they snap. Too many afternoons necking chooks with Dad in the shed to be able to forget that sound. Bears don't break dog's necks like they are picking flowers. Bears don't walk up paths steadily on two feet like they are strolling home for tea.
Stillness embedded itself in the hut. The storm still blew snow ferociously under the door, though the wind's anguished bluster had evaporated. Even the fire paused its crackling. All of the island waited. The woman could not move. Her tongue sat cemented to her jaw and blinking required immense effort. Suddenly her eyelids fluttered, she blinked hard and breathed deeply. I still have a deadly weapon that I don't need to get within neck snapping distance to kill with. Thank fucking Jesus Christ for that. She shivered and hot sweat ran down her back. She stood still in the hut, backed away from the precipice and climbed to the top of the islands lone peak. She took another deep breath and committed herself to battle.
“I've got a gun and your head will be splattered against the wall if you come in here, you sick bastard,” she yelled against the inertia that had descended. The island hut exhaled – the waiting breath was released and the first battle blow had been struck. Let's transcend any language barrier shall we? The gunshot was offensive and the instantaneous puncture in the thin-skinned timber wall was graphic violence. The hut held motionless – wounded. Waiting for the final death-grip.
Footsteps. Right next to the wall. He's leaving, taking those neck snapping hands away, no match for a nine hundred metre per second chunk of lead.
The footsteps passed the door, turned the corner and paced the perimeter. Marching out a war chant. The woman could see nothing pass the plum-sized hole she had manifested in the wall. The footsteps reached their starting point near the door and stopped – defiant in their casual pace. The woman dropped her chin and sighed angrily. So that's how it’s going to be is it, you prick? She opened the firing chamber and deliberately let the empty casing drop to the ground. The brass bounced and chattered loudly on the floorboards. Another round was chambered from the magazine. I know where you're standing, don't tempt me. Still not leaving? The woman fired from her hip and blew open another hole near the door. The footsteps moved out as if it were a starting gun. Hurriedly this time. Again they traced the hut, circling the island.
Rage overtook the woman's thoughts at the mocking, droning footsteps. She fired wildly; reloading three, four, five, six more times. The magazine was empty and gun smoke still rose from the bullet shells on the floor. The woman panted in ragged, deep breaths. Her sweat was chilled to freezing, biting splinters by the drafts blowing through the eight holes in the walls. She pulled a fresh magazine from the pack at her feet and slotted it into place. The footsteps stopped abruptly. She waited.

“Who are you?”
The demand swarmed into the hut, originating from everywhere. The woman gasped and dropped to her knees. The gun muzzle dipped and she struggled to breathe. Her thoughts scattered. What is that? The footsteps started stamping out their impatience at not being answered. Violent and urgent – anger incarnate. Each pass of the footsteps eroded the woman's island, her strength washing away as silt and sand.
“No, damn it,” she said aloud to herself. The woman forced herself upright. The embittering chill of the storm was overcoming the homely warmth of the fire, but the woman felt no cold. The storm was still silent. She glanced out of the bullet holes, seeing nothing but swirling snow glinting in the fire light. The footsteps continued their battle march. “Who are you?” she screamed out. The footsteps stopped, considering the validity of being questioned. The fire waned and shadows shrieked from the hearth.
“I am all and I am nothing. I dance amongst the shadows and scream out a silent whisper in the dead of night. Who are you?”
The response reverberated in the timbers. The woman still stood on her mountain, her toes dangling over nothingness and her rifle clutched tight against her chest. She attacked again, “Where is the man who left here?” The thought of camaraderie somewhere out in the storm returning to aid her comforted the woman standing on the lonely peak inside the fragile, bleeding hut. No response. The footsteps started once more. The woman broke and screeched, “Enough! Answer me, you freak!” The footsteps halted in shock. The hut groaned and the wood grain frayed and snapped. The woman stood resolute. Utter silence.
“I consumed him. And now I will consume you.”

The storm roared, the fire extinguished, the island collapsed and the woman was swallowed deep into the black ocean. Save us.

The showdown. Or, why I'm writing a blog.

Galileo Galilei: astronomer, philosopher, mathematician, physicist, inventor, heretic, father of modern science.

Anton Chekhov: playwrite, artist, physician, short story writer, pince-nez aficionado.

Nathan Weber: none of these things.

But I am an almost qualified scientist (PhD is due to be submitted July 2012) and I count writing as my favourite spare time activity. I love writing. Creating stories and characters, compressing a complex of feelings and objects into a line on a page, and embalming a new world in pen and paper.

Hard alongside the writing I have my science. I love science. Investigating and disentangling the observations and results, admiring the efficiency and complexity of systems that make up our world, and the logical progression of thought, theory and application.

You can see I have a dilemma, a dichotomy of wills. I wanted to be the writer all trench coat and stylishly unkempt hair, an encylopaedia of the written arts, and maybe even some pince-nez and a bowtie. I wanted to be the scientist all lab coat and hiking boots, publishing the solution to our environmental woes in Science and Nature (why settle for just one), and declining to give invited keynotes at international symposia just because I can. But really I never wanted to fully encapsulate either of those paths. There is too much wankery at the far ends of the scales. Too much self importance surrounding the industries and not enough time taken just accepting the enjoyment of reading or applying the science for real benfit outside of academic snobbery.

Which brings me to the title of my blog. Galileo was known as a scientist and Chekhov as a writer but they integrated both their creative and their scientific spirits in their lives. This blog is an attempt for me to do the same, to not only balance the competing halves but to synthesise them. To harness the creative in the logical and the methodical in the artistic. So I will be posting short stories, parts of my thesis, parts of larger stories, cool science that has interested me, random steam of conciousness writing that may get me committed to the mental health ward, and maybe (if I feel brave enough) some poetry (the biggest sissy of the creative writing world).

Please feel free to pull me up if you think I am writing shit or dropping into self-indulgent wankery (that goes for both halves of the blog). And don't feel you need to be polite about it (though that would be appreciated), but please make a convincing argument. I once spent four days arguing for the science of climate change with naysayers on Barnaby Joyce's homepage, everyone else got bored and I was posting to myself. I won't attack you but if I disagree I will politely make my case. You may convince me otherwise or we may argue for the life of the blog (or agree to disagree). As you will see I can be malleable or a stubborn bastard -- another dichotomy.